総説・日本関係書・地図

A HANDBOOK FOR TRAVELLERS IN JAPAN. INTRODUCTION. PAGE. 1. General; Books on Japan; Maps 1. 2. Steam Communication 2. 3. Custom House 3. 4. Treaty Limits; Passports 3. 5. Guides 4. 6. Posts; Telegraphs; Banks 5. 7. Currency 5. 8. Weights and Measures 5. 9. Inns; Travelling Expenses 7. 10. Climate; Dress; Time of Visit 8. 11. Provisions 9. 12. Means of Locomotion; Luggage 10. 13. Places best worth Visiting 12. 14. Purchases; Objects of Art 12. 15. Shipment of Curios 13. 16. Shooting 14. 17. Fishing 14. 18. Miscellaneous Hints 15. 19. Language 17. 20. The Shinto Religion 21. 21. Japanese Buddhism 24. 22. List of Gods and Goddesses 27. 23. Christian Mission Stations 33. 24. Outline of Japanese History 34. 25.

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Celebrated Personages 36. 26. Population of the Chief Cities 47. 27. Outline Tours 48.

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1.—General; Books on Japan; Maps. Japan, secluded for over two centuries from contact with the outer world, was burst open by the American expedition in 1853-4 under the command of Commodore Perry. Making a virtue of necessity, her rulers soon determined to Europeanise the country as the best means of preserving its independence. Ships were bought, foreign naval and military instructors engaged, feudalism replaced by a centralised autocracy, education re-organised on the pattern offered by Western nations, posts, telegraphs, and railways introduced, European dress, European manners, European amusements adopted, Buddhism dis-established, Christianity—if not encouraged—at least no longer persecuted.

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In short, in every sphere of activity the old order gave way to

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2 Introduction:—Steam Communication. the new. But even Japan, great as is the power of imitation and assimilation possessed by her people, has not been able completely to transform her whole material, mental, and social being within the limits of a single lifetime. Fortunately for the tourist, she continues in a state of transition—less Japanese and more European day by day, it is true, but still retaining characteristics of her own, especially in the dress, manners, and beliefs of the lower classes of society. Those who wish to see as much as possible of the old order of things, should come quickly.

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It is impossible within the limits of this Introduction to enter into those details of race, history, customs, religion, art, literature, etc., which, together with the more recent influence of Europe and America, have made Japan what she is to-day. The traveller who desires to travel intelligently—to do more than merely wander from hotel to hotel—may be referred for a summary of such information to a small work entitled “Things Japanese,” where, if he wishes for still more, he will find references to the original authorities in each special branch.

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Of religion alone, a short sketch seemed indispensable, as the temples are Japan’s chief sights; and we have added an outline of history and a list of celebrated personages, in order to assist the traveller to thread his way through the maze of proper names with which he will be confronted. In Japan, more than in any European country, is it necessary to take some trouble in order to master such preliminary information. For whereas England, France, Italy, Germany, and the rest, all resemble each other in their main features, because all have alike grown up in a culture fundamentally identical, this is not the case with Japan.

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He, therefore, who should essay to travel without having learnt a word concerning Japan’s past, would run the risk of forming opinions ludicrously erroneous. We would also specially recommend Griffis’s “Mikado’s Empire” and Rein’s “Japan” and “The Industries of Japan,” as books which it would be profitable to read on the way out. Rein’s works are, it is true, fitted only for the serious student, who is prepared for hard words and technical details; but “The Mikado’s Empire” is calculated to appeal to all classes of readers.

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Of books on Japanese art, we may name Anderson’s admirable work, “The Pictorial Arts of Japan,” and Huish’s more handy “Japan and its Art.” Morse’s “Japanese Homes” is an excellent description, not only of the dwellings of the people, but of all the articles belonging to their daily life. By far the best maps are those now in course of publication at the Imperial Geological Office, and to be obtained of Messrs. Kelly and Walsh at Yokohama.

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